He was also an eccentric character with a flair for showmanship, part of the reason that his story continues to intrigue people today. ArcAttack doesn't just perform to impress—though there is no doubt that audiences love their techno-wizardry. But in between such high-voltage appearances, ArcAttack tours the country giving shows and educational presentations for school groups and the general public, dazzling people while also explaining the science behind their show.
To understand how ArcAttack's singing Telsa coils work , it's best to start with the definition of a Tesla coil. But much of the basic idea is still there. These devices essentially act like electrical tuning forks, meaning they store electrical energy by oscillating at their natural resonant frequency. More specifically, the circuits in the devices contain an inductor—an electrical component that resists changes in the electrical current—and a capacitor—an electrical component that stores energy.
These so-called resonant Tesla coils each have two coils, a primary and a secondary. The devices first take power from a wall socket and step up the energy by switching the current back and forth between the inductor and capacitor components of the primary coil. The secondary coil is tuned to the same resonant frequency as the primary coil, so once the primary gets up to speed, the two coils can exchange energy back and forth.
Then they funnel that energy through another inductor to control the current and produce massive sparks. ArcAttack's giant coils can generate sparks that stretch 12 feet long.
While that energy output is still far below the million Volts contained in even the weakest bolts of lightning, it is enough to require expert operators. Safety is a priority for ArcAttack.
That's why the performer playing the lightning guitar a duty shared by several group members must wear a special outfit called a Faraday suit. Long Distance Arcing: Tesla coils, by their nature, produce electrical arcing which can travel unpredictably in any direction and can strike at considerable distances. These arcs can be very dangerous. Tesla coil is a radio frequency oscillator that drives an air-core double-tuned resonant transformer to produce high voltages at low currents. So lets start with the basics.
To maintain a large spark output current in the primary circuit is key, to get the best out of the components the coils are driven for short periods of time, at high currents, quite often exceeding the continuous rating of the drivers.
As soon as the power is turned off the stored energy is transformed into a high voltage high frequency pulse. It is this pulse that you see as the discharge from the top of the coil. Creating hot plasma in the atmosphere has an effect, the air heats up to thousands of degrees C in a microsecond or so. This expanding air causes a sound wave that you hear as a click.
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