Because of wartime shortages and Nazi supervision, his research and development had to stay secret, and Kolff used repurposed materials. Gravity was used to force the blood through a filter, instead of a pump, and the tubes were rotated around a drum into a dialysis solution. While working at the hospital, Kolff worked with the Resistance, and ultimately helped hide around people who the Nazis sought for deportation to work camps. A demonstration, with a nurse acting as patient, of how the dialysis machine would work.
Courtesy of the Marriott Library at the University of Utah. During the war, Kolff tested his device on patients who came in with kidney failure, and were dying. They had no other hope for a treatment. As Kolff tested different dialysis solutions, and treatments of the blood with anticoagulant, they lived longer.
A 16th patient came in, a woman in the end stages of renal failure who was comatose. She was a known Nazi collaborator who would become a prisoner after the Liberation.
Kolff treated her without prejudice. Maria Schafstad became the first successful patient treated with the artificial kidney in The dialysis machines hidden from the view of occupying German authorities in the garden of the hospital at Kampen. In he shipped one of the devices to Mt. After treatment, the circulatory access would be kept open by connecting the two tubes outside the body using a small U-shaped device, which would shunt the blood from the tube in the artery back to the tube in the vein.
The Scribner Shunt, as it was called, was developed using the newly introduced material, Teflon. With the shunt, it was no longer necessary to make new incisions each time a patient underwent dialysis. Although the Scribner Shunt is no longer used today, it was the first step to improved methods of access to the circulatory system, enabling dialysis to prolong the lives of ESRD patients.
Instead, the choices would be made by an anonymous committee composed of local residents from various walks of life plus two doctors who practiced outside of the kidney field. Although his decision caused controversy at the time, it was the creation of the first bioethics committee, which changed the approach to accessibility of healthcare in this country.
Scribner went on to develop a small, portable dialysis machine that allowed people to undergo dialysis in their own homes. Thanks to the efforts of Kolff and Scribner and other medical pioneers like them, people with kidney disease are now able to live full and productive lives.
Download Now. The History of Dialysis. Share Print. Email: info dpcedcenter. The webinar is free and open to all. Please RSVP below to receive information on how to join. Yes No. A Brief History of Dialysis The history of dialysis dates back to the s. Share Your New Knowledge! Related Posts. November 10th,
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